The word 'robot' was first used to denote a fictional humanoid in a 1920 Czech-language play R.U.R. The term comes from a Slavic root, robot-, with meanings associated with labor. As mechanical techniques developed through the Industrial age, there appeared more practical applications such as automated machines, remote-control and wireless remote-control. These robots have also created a newer branch of robotics: soft robotics.įrom the time of ancient civilization, there have been many accounts of user-configurable automated devices and even automata resembling humans and other animals, such as animatronics, designed primarily as entertainment. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, or cognition. The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing is robotics. Autonomous things are expected to proliferate in the future, with home robotics and the autonomous car as some of the main drivers. By mimicking a lifelike appearance or automating movements, a robot may convey a sense of intelligence or thought of its own. Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from humanoids such as Honda's Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility ( ASIMO) and TOSY's TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot ( TOPIO) to industrial robots, medical operating robots, patient assist robots, dog therapy robots, collectively programmed swarm robots, UAV drones such as General Atomics MQ-1 Predator, and even microscopic nano robots. Robots may be constructed to evoke human form, but most robots are task-performing machines, designed with an emphasis on stark functionality, rather than expressive aesthetics. A robot can be guided by an external control device, or the control may be embedded within. Ī robot is a machine-especially one programmable by a computer-capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically. The quadrupedal military robot Cheetah, an evolution of BigDog (pictured), was clocked as the world's fastest legged robot in 2012, beating the record set by an MIT bipedal robot in 1989. For other uses of the term, see Robot (disambiguation).ĪSIMO (2000) at the Expo 2005 Articulated welding robots used in a factory are a type of industrial robot.
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